Climate & Planetary Futures

Reporting on climate science, adaptation strategies, and the politics of a warming planet.

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Shade Is Infrastructure: Designing Cities to Survive Heat

This summer, Phoenix recorded 31 consecutive days above 110°F. In Delhi, rooftop temperatures climbed so high that tin-sheet housing warped. Paris, once known for temperate summers, is rewriting building codes to address lethal heat waves. Around the world, cities are learning a hard truth: extreme heat is not just uncomfortable, it is deadly.

Yet most urban policy still treats shade as an amenity rather than infrastructure. Trees are considered beautification, awnings a design flourish, green canopies an afterthought in the fight for limited budgets. The result is predictable: wealthier neighborhoods enjoy leafy streets and shaded parks, while low-income residents endure what researchers call the “heat gap”—a measurable difference in ambient temperature that maps almost perfectly onto race and income.

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When Climate Models and Local Knowledge Disagree

In a small fishing village on the Mekong Delta, elders will tell you that the tides are “acting strangely.” They speak of water creeping farther inland than in their parents’ time, and of storm seasons that come earlier, with winds that feel “hungrier.” These observations are rich in detail, yet when plotted against the outputs of regional climate models, the timelines don’t quite match.

This is not an isolated disconnect. Across the world, from Arctic Inuit communities to Andean farmers, local knowledge sometimes diverges from what climate scientists’ models predict. At first glance, it can feel like a contradiction—one worldview built from lived experience, the other from equations. In truth, it’s more like two overlapping photographs: each capturing part of the same scene, each slightly out of alignment.

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The Water Wars Already Happening in America’s Heartland

The first thing you notice driving into Garden City, Kansas, isn’t the endless horizon or the golden sweep of wheat—it’s the wells. Steel pumpjacks rise from the fields like stubborn mechanical weeds, pulling from an underground reserve that has been shrinking for decades.

This is the Ogallala Aquifer, one of the largest freshwater bodies in the world, stretching beneath eight states. It is also vanishing—drained faster than it can be replenished, a slow-motion crisis that’s already reshaping the politics, economy, and daily life of America’s agricultural heartland.

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Transit Justice: The Missing Link in Climate Action

If we are serious about cutting greenhouse gas emissions, we must talk about cars. Not electric cars, not self-driving cars—cars, period. In the United States, transportation is the single largest source of carbon emissions, and the vast majority of that comes from personal vehicles.

The common climate narrative is that replacing gas-powered cars with electric ones will solve the problem. But even the cleanest EVs take up the same space, perpetuate sprawl, and demand the same resource-intensive infrastructure. Without a fundamental shift toward public transit, we risk locking ourselves into a future that is lower-carbon but still unjust, inaccessible, and unsustainable.

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Transit Deserts: How Poor Public Transport Perpetuates Inequality

At 5:12 a.m. in Atlanta’s southwest corridor, Marlene waits for the first bus of the day. It’s scheduled for 5:20, but she’s learned not to trust the timetable — delays of 20 or 30 minutes are common. She works at a warehouse 12 miles away, a job that pays just above minimum wage. Without a car, she relies on a patchwork of buses and transfers. One missed connection can mean arriving late, losing hours, or even losing the job.

Marlene’s neighborhood is a transit desert: a place where public transportation is so limited, infrequent, or poorly connected that daily life becomes a logistical and financial strain. For millions in American cities, this is not just an inconvenience — it’s a structural barrier to opportunity.

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When Conservation and Livelihoods Collide

On the edge of Namibia’s Skeleton Coast, a rust-colored sunrise spills across the desert, painting the dunes in gold. Just beyond the park’s boundary, I meet Lena, a goat herder whose family has grazed this land for generations. From her yard, the horizon looks the same as it always has — except now, there’s a wire fence where there used to be open scrub.

That fence marks the start of a new conservation zone, created to protect endangered desert-adapted lions. It also cuts off one of Lena’s main grazing routes.

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When Clean Energy Fails: Planning for the Gaps in the Green Grid

On a windless August evening in Texas, solar panels still shimmered in the heat, but the sun had dipped below the horizon. The air conditioners hummed, the grid strained, and somewhere in the control room, an operator watched the renewable supply curve flatten toward zero.

This wasn’t a failure of clean energy. It was a failure of planning for the moments when clean energy isn’t there.

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Why the Most Effective Climate Policy Might Not Mention Climate at All

If you want to get someone to eat healthier, you might not start with a lecture about cholesterol levels or long-term cardiovascular risk. You might instead talk about the taste of fresh produce, the convenience of a local market, or the money they’ll save cooking at home. Climate policy can work the same way.

In fact, some of the most impactful climate solutions might never use the word “climate” at all.

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